Agriculture News । आज की खेती की खबर 24/07/2020

ट्रैक्टरज्ञान आपके लिये लाया है कृषि जगत से जुड़ी आज की मुख्य खबरें!

24 Jul, 2020

1.जानें लौंग की खेती का तरीका - पाएं लाभ

भारतीय घरों की रसोई में लौंग का विशेष स्थान है ।लौंग के कई औषधीय तत्व के कारण इसका उपयोग सर्दियों में किया जाता है । यह सदाबहार तो है ही बल्कि एक बार लगाने के बाद कई सालों तक चलता है । जाने लौंग के लिए उप युक्त वातावरण की शर्तें :-

1. लोंग की खेती उष्णकटिबंधीय जलवायु में की जाती है । इसके पौधे तेज धूप और सर्दी सहन नहीं कर पाते । तो वही इसे बारिश की जरूरत होती है। 20 से 35 डिग्री तापमान और नम क्षेत्रों की बलुई मिट्टी में उगाऐं तथा जलभराव वाली मिट्टी से बचे । 

2. लौंग के बीज बोने से एक रात पहले पानी में भिगोकर रखें ।

3. पौधों की पंक्तियां 10 सेंटीमीटर दूरी पर रखें और जैविक खाद मिश्रण डालें । बीज बोने पर करीब 7 साल में उपज मिलती है । जल्दी फायदा पाने के लिए नर्सरी से पौधा खरीदें । ध्यान दें , पौधा 4 फीट से ज्यादा लंबा और 2 साल पुराना हो ।

4. पौधों का रोपण जून से जुलाई के बीच करें पौधे को 75×75×75 cm^3 के गड्ढे में रोपे और खाद से भर दे, फिर मिट्टी की परत से ढ़के ।

5. सिंचाई करते रहें जिससे भूमि में नमी बनी रहे।

6. 4 से 5 साल में जब यह फ़ल देने लगे तो फूल कलियों को तोड़कर कर 

2. हर जिले में होगा बीज बैंक, किसानों को ही मिलेगा लाइसेंस।

किसानों को बीज के उत्पादन में आत्मनिर्भर बनाने की तरफ कदम बढ़ाते हुए सरकार ने बीज बैंक योजना को आरंभ करने का फ़ैसला किया है। योजना के तहत देश के लगभग 650 जिलों में बीज बैंक बनेंगे। बीज बैंक से जुड़ी खास बात यह है की इसके लिए लाइसेंस केवल किसानों को ही बांटे जाएंगे, वही किसान पात्र होंगे जिनके पास अपनी या बटाई में कम से कम 1 अकड़ भूमि होगी, इसके अलावा पात्रता के लिए 10 वी पास होना आवश्यक है। किसानों को बीज की अच्छी गुणवत्ता ना मिलने के कारण नुक़सान होता है, ऐसे में उन्हें बीज के प्रति सक्रिय करने में यह योजना महत्वपूर्ण है। लाइसेंस वाले किसानों को मुश्त रकम प्रोत्साहन राशि के तौर पर दी जाएगी और भंडारण की सुविधा के लिए प्रशिक्षण के साथ उपलब्ध संसाधनों पर सब्सिडी भी दी जाएगी, प्रशिक्षण स्थानीय कृषि प्रसार केंद्र में होगा। बीज बैंक के बीज के बाज़ार भी राज्य सरकार उपलब्ध कराएगी, बीज का मूल्य भी पहले से ही राज्य बीज निगम द्वारा तय किया जाएगा।

नए बीज का उत्पादन करने वाले किसानों को बीज उत्पादन हेतु क्षेत्रीय प्रबंधन एवं केंद्रीय प्रभारी द्वारा आधार बीज मूल्य का भुगतान लेकर उपलब्ध कराया जाएगा।

3.Carrot Cultivation

Carrot is a cool-season crop and develops a good colour when grown at 15°C to 20°C. The crop needs deep loose loamy soil.  It requires a pH ranging from 6.0 to 7.0 for higher production. Carrot can be grown anytime in the year at an elevation above 1500 metres with assured irrigation. At elevations between 1000 – 1500 metres, it can be grown during July – February. Carrot Planting can be done very well in  August.

Splitting of roots is a physiological disorder which is usually seen when there is a sudden increase in soil moisture after a long drought. Forking is another phenomenon wherein the hard soil does not allow the straight growth of taproot which results in the formation of the forked root. Forked roots and split roots fetch a poor price in the market. Keeping the soil moisture optimum will help to keep the soil loose thereby help to avoid splits and forked roots. Carrot plant is not much affected by pests.

4.Increase in Sugar Production

Sugar production is going to increase up to 12% with the ultimate output of about 30.5 mn tonnes in SY2021. The reason behind this increment is the higher production in states like Maharashtra and Karnataka which was affected a lot in the previous year due to drought. 

With an ample increase in production, the exports will also be increased which requires government incentives. Moreover, due to Covid-19 adversity, the market was at its lowest in April-May because of the complete closure of many food manufacturing units. But now due to gradual unlocking, it has grabbed its pace. 

The bumper production will also result in the domestic sugar availability of 42 tonnes. 

After analysing all the previous records and assuming the government will support in the area of export, ICRA stated that the surplus production will increase the domestic consumption and the exports will remain same as the previous year. Also, there will be no significant increase in sugar price because of surplus production

5.Homemade Vermicompost

Vermicompost is helpful in organic farming, small scale farming and sustainable farming because it is rich in nutrients, minerals and organic fertiliser. It can be easily generated by decomposing vegetable or food waste through earthworms. You can use Endogeic, epigeic and anecic according to your requirements and availability of them near you.

Here is the detailed procedure of vermicompost generation. 

Get the container ready.

Find a perfect opaque and solid bin or box, then drill a suitable amount of holes in it which will ensure the proper air supply.

 Place it in the perfect space.

Place the container in shady and cool space as earthworms should not be exposed to heat and light.

Prepare the bed.

Look for a paper which is not inked too much and made up of nice material like cardboard or newspaper can also work as a bed. After that, you have to moisturise it by spraying water( just don't make it too wet).

Fill it with vegetables or fruit peels.

Fill the container with organic waste and leave it for at least 2 weeks so that it can produce microbes which are the food of our earthworms.

Transfer it to the compost bin.

You just have to transfer the bin to the compost bin so that earthworms can easily feed on microbes.

Just separate the vermicompost and earthworm.

For getting your vermicompost you have to remove the earthworms from the bin. Just take another bin and put one plastic bag with holes inside it, now pour the bin's material into the new and keep it out in the sun. The earthworms will shift to the new container and you will get the compost.

Try this simple and amazing method and give your soil organic nutrients.

6.Farmers being encouraged to switch to less thirsty crops 

India is the second-most populous country in the world with access to only 4% of the world's water resources. In India yearly, 2 lakh people die because of water shortage and about half of the population lives in a high water shortage. This is a huge issue for such a big business and industrial area. Climate change and global warming are boosting this crisis even more. 

Farmers use up to 90% of available groundwater. Groundwater has depleted by 23% since 2000 and it's getting worse daily. The fact is that after the Green Revolution the country focused on growing wheat and rice to make India self-sufficient but these consume a lot more water and electricity than other crops. The three most water-consuming crops rice, wheat and sugarcane are grown in 40% of northern and are being looked up as a major cause of water shortage. 

The government is now encouraging farmers to grow crops like cowpeas, pulses and corn which consume way less water than rice and wheat. In some parts of Haryana the government has started running experiments of paying money to farmers who switched to less water consuming crops. But this move has the potential to backfire both Economically and politically as these crops are not provided with any MSP and no guaranteed market. 

This initiative is a huge move and is predicted as an evitable step of future but it is also upon as a block on the farmers' right to grow their favourite crop which fetches them a good price at the market. Diversification of crops grown is still being considered as a solution to the ever-growing problem of water scarcity in India.

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